List of Nutriceuticals
| Nutraceutical | Proposed Effect on Brain cells | Reference | Recommended Seller shared with BBDF, if any | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposed effect notes in red are cautionary as are their associated references | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 4 Sight antioxidant (alpha lipoic acid, ginkgo biloba, Lutein, Zeaxanthin, Lycopene, Zinc) | Anti-oxidant; Anti-inflammatory; Neuroprotection | See each ingredient listed | Orthomolecular | ||||||||||||||||||
| 7,8-DHF | 7,8-DHF is neuroprotective in many animal models, and there is a biological rationale for increasing BDNF signaling through TrkB. However, no human studies have been conducted. | https://www.alzdiscovery.org/uploads/cognitive_vitality_media/7-8-Dihydroxyflavone-Cognitive-Vitality-For-Researchers.pdf | |||||||||||||||||||
| Acetylcarnitine | Anti-inflammatory; Anti-oxidant; Neuroprotection | Giovanna Traina. The neurobiology of acetyl-L-carnitine. Frontiers in Bioscience. Landmark, 21, 1314-1329. June 1, 2016. | Biotics | ||||||||||||||||||
| Aged Garlic Extract | Anti-oxidant | Bungorn Sripanidkulchai. Benefits of aged garlic extract on Alzheimer's disease: Possible mechanisms of action. Review Exp Ther Med. 2020. Feb;19(2):1560-1564. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Alpha GPC | Neuroprotection | https://www.alzdiscovery.org/uploads/cognitive_vitality_media/Alpha-GPC-Cognitive-Vitality-For-Researchers.pdf | |||||||||||||||||||
| Alpha Lipoic Acid | Inhibits aldose reductase, which prevents leakage of anti-oxidants from eye tissue; recharges ALA vitamin C, E and glutathione; acts as an Anti-oxidant, Anti-inflammatory | Venigalla M, Sonego S, Gyengesi E, et al. Novel promising therapeutics against chronic neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease. Review. Neurochem Int. 2016. May;95:63-74. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Andean shilaijt | Anti-inflammatory; Anti-oxidant | Carrasco-Gallardo, Guzman L and RB Maccioni. Shilajit: A Natural Phytocomplex with Potential Procognitive Activity. Int J Alz Dis. Vol 2012. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Apigenin | Preclinical evidence suggests strong Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidant but no clinical trials have been performed. May interfere with drug metabolism. | https://www.alzdiscovery.org/uploads/cognitive_vitality_media/Apigenin-Cognitive-Vitality-For-Researchers.pdf | |||||||||||||||||||
| Arjuna | Anti-oxidant; Anti-atherogenic agent of the heart (not investigated for Neurodegeneration) | Dwivedi S and D Chopra. Revisiting Terminalia arjuna - An Ancient Cardiovascular Drug. J Tradit Complement Med. 2014. Oct-Dec:224-331. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Azaphilones | Inhibits fromation of protein aggregates (in Alzheimer's Disease) | SR Paranjape. Azaphilones inhibit tau aggregation and dissolve tau aggregates in vitro. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2015. May 20;6(5):751-760. | |||||||||||||||||||
| B-Asarone | Supports clearance of cellular waste | Stacchiotti A and G Corsetti. Natural Compounds and Autophagy: Allies Against Neurodegeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020; 8:555408. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Bacopa Monieri | Anti-inflammatory; Anti-oxidant | https://www.alzdiscovery.org/uploads/cognitive_vitality_media/Bacopa-Monnieri-Cognitive-Vitality-For-Researchers.pdf | |||||||||||||||||||
| Baicalein | Supports clearance of cellular waste | Stacchiotti A and G Corsetti. Natural Compounds and Autophagy: Allies Against Neurodegeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol, 2020; 8:555408. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Biotin (Vitamin B7) | Key role in glucose metabolism and homeostasis | DO Kennedy. B Vitamins and the Brain: Mechanisms, Dose and Efficacy - A Review. Nutrients. 2016. Feb;8(2):68. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Black Currant Oil | Anti-oxidant; Neuroprotection; Inhibits formation of neurotoxic aggregates | Subash S, Essa MM, Al-Adawi S. Neuroprotective effects of berry fruits on neurodegenerative diseases. Neural Regen Res. 2014. Aug 15; 9(16):1557-66. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Caffeine | Supports clearance of cellular waste | Stacchiotti A and G Corsetti. Natural Compounds and Autophagy: Allies Against Neurodegeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol, 2020; 8:555408. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Calcium (as Calcium Citrate) | Homeostasis of Calcium in the brain is important for normal cell-cell communication. High concentrations of calcium may contribute to the progression of neurodegenerative disease. | Marambaud P, Dreses-Werringloer U and V Vingtdeux. Calcium signaling in neurodegeneration. Mod Neurodegener. 2009;4:20. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Carbohydrates | Leads to neuroinflammation which may accelerate disease. | Perlmutter, D., & Loberg, K. (2013). Grain brain: the surprising truth about wheat, carbs, and sugar--your brain's silent killers. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Chia Oil | Anti-inflammatory; Anti-oxidant | Martinez Leo, EE and MR Segura Campos. Neuroprotective effect of Salvia hispanica peptide fractions on pro-inflammatory modulation of HMC3 microglial cells. J Food Biochem. 2020. Vol 44, Iss 6. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Chromium (as Chromium Polynicotinate) | Homeostasis of chromium metal important for brain health. High concentrations of metals may contribute to progression in neurodegenerative diseases. | Jomova K, Vondrakova D, Lawson M, et al. Metals, oxidative stress and neurodegenerative disorders. Mol Cell Biochem. 2010. 345:91–104. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Citrus Bioflavonoids | Anti-inflammatory; Anti-oxidant; Neuroprotection | Hwang S-L, Shih P-H, Yen G-C. Neuroprotective effects of citrus flavonoids. J Agric Food Chem. 2012. Feb 1;60(4):877-85. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Coenzyme Q10 (Ubiquinone) | Anti-oxidant; Neuroprotection | Park HW, Park CG, et al. Intrastriatal administration of coenzyme q10 enhances neuroprotection in a Parkinson's disease rat model. Sci Rep. 2020;10:9572. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Conophylline | Supports clearance of cellular waste | Stacchiotti A and G Corsetti. Natural Compounds and Autophagy: Allies Against Neurodegeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol, 2020; 8:555408. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Copper (as Copper Bisglycinate Chelate) | Component of anti-oxidant enzyme, Superoxide Dismutase. Because copper and zinc compete with each other for absorption, individuals taking high amounts of zinc can develop a copper deficiency. NB- excess copper contributes to neurodegeneration | “Copper Fact Sheet for Health Professionals.” National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements, Health and Human Services, 3 June 2020, ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Copper-HealthProfessional/ | Albion Minerals | ||||||||||||||||||
| Ejaz HW, Wang W, and M Lang. Copper Toxicity Links to Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease and Therapeutics. Review Int J Mol Sci. 2020. Oct 16;21(20). | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Cucurbitacin E | Supports clearance of cellular waste | Stacchiotti A and G Corsetti. Natural Compounds and Autophagy: Allies Against Neurodegeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020. 8:555408. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Curcumin (Thorne Meriva 500-SF) | Anti-oxidant; Supports clearance of cellular waste | Stacchiotti A and G Corsetti. Natural Compounds and Autophagy: Allies Against Neurodegeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol, 2020; 8:555408. | Thorne | ||||||||||||||||||
| Pohl F and PKT Lin. The potential use of plant natural products and plant extracts with antioxidant properties for the prevention/treatment of neurodegenerative diseases: in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials. Molecules. 2018. Dec 23(12):3283. | Thorne | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Dendrobine | Supports clearance of cellular waste | Stacchiotti A and G Corsetti. Natural Compounds and Autophagy: Allies Against Neurodegeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020. 8:555408. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Delphinidins (Metabolite of Pomegranate juice) | Anti-oxidant | Mazumder MK, Choudhury S and A Borah. An in silico investigation on the inhibitory potential of the constituents of Pomegranate Juice on antioxidant defense mechanism: Relevance to neurodegenerative diseases. IBRO Rep. 2019. Jun;6:153-159. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Epigallocatechin-3-gallate | Anti-oxidant; Neuroprotection | https://www.alzdiscovery.org/uploads/cognitive_vitality_media/EGCG-Cognitive-Vitality-For-Researchers.pdf | |||||||||||||||||||
| Uddin M, Mamun A, Kabir T, et al. Neuroprotective role of polyphenols against oxidative stress-mediated neurodegeneration. E J Pharm. Nov 5, 2020. Vol 886, 1723412. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Pohl F and PKT Lin. The potential use of plant natural products and plant extracts with antioxidant properties for the prevention/treatment of neurodegenerative diseases: in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials. Molecules. 2018. Dec 23(12):3283. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Ferulic Acid | Antioxidant | Pohl F and PKT Lin. The potential use of plant natural products and plant extracts with antioxidant properties for the prevention/treatment of neurodegenerative diseases: in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials. Molecules. 2018. Dec 23(12):3283. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fish Oil "DHA" | Anti-oxidant; Anti-Inflammatory | Yamagata K. Dietary docosahexaenoic acid inhibits neurodegeneration and prevents stroke. J Neurosci Res. 2020. Sep 23. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Folate (Vitamin B9 given as Quatrefolic-L-5-Methyltetrahydrofolate, glucosamine salt) | Neuronal integrity; Neural Plasticity | Craenen K, Verslegers M, Baatout S, et al. An apprraisal of folates as key factors in cognition and ageing-related diseases. Review Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2020;60(5):722-739. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Kronenberg G, Colla M, Endres. Folic acid, neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disease. Curr Mol Med. 2009. Apr;9(3):315-323. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Geraniol | Supports clearance of cellular waste | Stacchiotti A and G Corsetti. Natural Compounds and Autophagy: Allies Against Neurodegeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol, 2020; 8:555408. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Gingko biloba | Neuroprotective Potential in Retinal disease | Pohl F and PKT Lin. The potential use of plant natural products and plant extracts with antioxidant properties for the prevention/treatment of neurodegenerative diseases: in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials. Molecules. 2018. Dec 23(12):3283. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Neuroprotective Potential of Ginkgo biloba in Retinal Diseases. Planta Med. 2019. Nov;85(17):1292-1303. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Glutathione | Anti-oxidant | A Moustapha Neurodegenerative Diseases: Potential Effect of Glutathione, Glutathione System and Oxidative Stress in Health and Disease, Margarete Dulce Bagatini, Intech | |||||||||||||||||||
| Gluten | Leads to neuroinflammation which may accelerate disease. | Perlmutter, D., & Loberg, K. (2013). Grain brain: the surprising truth about wheat, carbs, and sugar--your brain's silent killers. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Mohan M, Okeoma CM, Sestak K. Dietary Gluten and Neurodegeneration: A Case for Preclinical Studies. Int J Mol Sci. 2020. Jul 29;21(15):5407. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Green Tea | Observational studies suggest GT maybe neuroprotective. GT is safe BUT should not be harvested from areas where there is excessive pollution which could lead to lead contamination and adverse effects on the brain. | https://www.alzdiscovery.org/uploads/cognitive_vitality_media/Green-Tea-Cognitive-Vitality-For-Researchers.pdf | |||||||||||||||||||
| Huperzine A | Anti-oxidant. Huperzine A improved some aspects of memory and cognition in patients with vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s disease in clinical trials; however, many caveats prevent drawing firm conclusions. Appears safe for short-term use but evidence for long-term safety is lacking. | https://www.alzdiscovery.org/uploads/cognitive_vitality_media/Huperzine-A-Cognitive-Vitality-For-Researchers.pdf | |||||||||||||||||||
| Pohl F and PKT Lin. The potential use of plant natural products and plant extracts with antioxidant properties for the prevention/treatment of neurodegenerative diseases: in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials. Molecules. 2018. Dec 23(12):3283. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| L-Carnitine | Neuroprotection from oxidative stress. | Calvani M, Carta A, Caruso G, et al. Action of acetyl-L-carnitine in neurodegeneration and Alzheimer's disease. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1992. Nov 21;663:483-486. | |||||||||||||||||||
| In 1996, researchers at the University of Missouri published their findings of decreased plasma levels of carnitine in children with CLN3 disease. In 2020, researchers at the NICHD could not confirm the same results and noted that children with CLN3 disease do not show symptoms of carnitine deficiency such as muscle weakness and liver problems. | Mancuso C, Bates TE, Butterfield DA, et al. Natural antioxidants in Alzheimer’s disease. Expert Opin. Investig. Drugs. 2007;16:1921–1931 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Katz M. Decreased plasma carnitine and trimethyl-l-lysine levels association with lysosomal accumulation of trimethyl-l-lysine containing protein in Batten disease. BBA 1996 16 Dec;192-98. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| An Dang Do, MD; NICHD, personal communication, September 15, 2020 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| L-Theanine | Positive short-term effects on cognitive function, blood pressure, and sleep, but no studies have tested its effects on dementia or neurodegeneration. | https://www.alzdiscovery.org/uploads/cognitive_vitality_media/L-Theanine-Cognitive-Vitality-For-Researchers.pdf | |||||||||||||||||||
| Limonoids (AKA D-Limonene) | Supports clearance of cellular waste | Stacchiotti A and G Corsetti. Natural Compounds and Autophagy: Allies Against Neurodegeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol, 2020; 8:555408. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Lipoic acid (Biotics) | Anti-oxidant | Kastaniotis AJ, Autio KJ, Nair RR, et al. Mitochondrial Fatty Acids in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Neuroscientist. 2020 Jul 9;1073858420936162 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Lutein | Neuroprotection from oxidative stress | Park HA, Hayden MM, Bannerman S, et al. Anti-Apoptotic Effects of Carotenoids in Neurodegeneration. Molecules. 2020. Jul 29;25(15):3453. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Luteolin | Neuroprotection, Anti-inflammatory | Kempuraj D, Thangavel R, Kempuraj DD, et al. Neuroprotective effects of flavone luteolin in neuroinflammation and neurotrauma. Biofactors. 2020. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Lycopene | Neuroprotection from oxidative stress | Park HA, Hayden MM, Bannerman S, et al. Anti-Apoptotic Effects of Carotenoids in Neurodegeneration. Molecules. 2020. Jul 29;25(15):3453. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Magnesium (as TRAACS Magnesium Bisglycinate Chelate Buffered) | Nerve transmission, protective against excessive excitation which can lead to neuronal cell death. Excessive excitation (glutamate toxicity) has been reported in CLN3 disease. Evidence suggests that higher intake or circulating levels of magnesium (Mg) is associated with a reduced risk of dementia and a number of age-related diseases. Whether supplemental Mg above recommended levels is beneficial is unknown. | https://www.alzdiscovery.org/uploads/cognitive_vitality_media/Magnesium-Cognitive-Vitality-For-Researchers.pdf | |||||||||||||||||||
| The Role of Magnesium in Neurological Disorders. Nutrients. 2018. Jun;10(6):730. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Altered sensitivity of cerebellar granule cells to glutamate receptor overactivation in the CLN3(delta ex7/8)-knock-in mouse model of juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. Neurochem Int. 2011. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Manganese (as Manganese Glycinate) | Manganese is a cofactor for many enzymes, including manganese superoxide dismutase, which is important for inhibiting oxidative stress leading to neuronal cell death | “Manganese Fact Sheet for Health Professionals.” National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements, Health and Human Services, 3 June 2020, https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Manganese-HealthProfessional/ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Excessive levels lead to neurotoxicity | Yan D-Y and B Xu. The Role of Autophagy in Manganese-Induced Neurotoxicity. Front Neurosci. 2020. Sep 15;14:574750. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Meganatural-AZ | Anti-oxidant | Pasinetti GM, Ksiezak-Reding H, Santa-Maria I, et al. Development of a grape seed polyphenolic extract with anti-oligomeric activity as a novel treatment in progressive supranuclear palsy and other tauopathies. J Neurochem. 2010. Sep;114(6):1557-68. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Melatonin | Fights neurodegeneration via cellular clearance. Known to be safe for healthy adults to regulate circadian rhythm and improve sleep. Not recommended for dementia patients. | https://www.alzdiscovery.org/uploads/cognitive_vitality_media/Melatonin-Cognitive-Vitality-For-Researchers.pdf | |||||||||||||||||||
| Stacchiotti A and G Corsetti. Natural Compounds and Autophagy: Allies Against Neurodegeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020; 8:555408. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Micro-antioxident | Mixture of Anti-oxidants - Arjuna, Vitamin B12, Niacinamide, Pyrioxine AKG, Citrus Bioflavonoids, Super Oxide Dismutase, Glutathione, Pyruvate, Sulforaphane, Ornithine, Chia Oil, Biotin | See each ingredient listed | Epic | ||||||||||||||||||
| MitoQ | Consistent evidence suggests that MitoQ can reduce oxidative stress in cellular batteries (mitochondria); though whether this will impact health outcomes in humans is unknown. | https://www.alzdiscovery.org/uploads/cognitive_vitality_media/MitoQ-Cognitive-Vitality-For-Researchers.pdf | |||||||||||||||||||
| Morin | Anti-inflammatory | Ben-Azu B, Aderibigbe AO, Ajayi AM, et al. Morin decreases cortical pyramidal neuron degeneration via inhibition of neuroinflammation in mouse model of schizophrenia. Int Immunopharmacol. 2019. May;70:338-353. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Molybdenum | Liver detoxification [only studied in neurodegeneration caused by Molybdenum deficiency, listed here as part of the MultiVitamin and Mineral Base (see below)]. | “Molybdenum" Fact Sheet for Health Professionals.” National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements, Health and Human Services, 3 June 2020, https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Molybdenum-HealthProfessional | |||||||||||||||||||
| Multi Vitamin and Mineral Base | Mixture - Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Vitamin D-3, Vitamin E, Vitamin K, Thiamine, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B-6, Folate, Biotin, Vitamin B-12, Pantothenic Acid, Calcium, Iodine, Magnesium, Zinc, Selenium, Copper, Manganese, Chromium, Molybdenum | See each ingredient listed | |||||||||||||||||||
| N-Acetylcystein (NAC) | NAC supplementation is protective in patients undergoing heart surgery and those with COPD, but no studies have tested whether it improves outcomes in pediatric or adult forms of neurodegeneration. Preclinical studies are weak. Amylyx reports NAC/TUDCA more promising but still too weak. see SPB/TUDCA in State of Therapeutic Science section of BBDF website | https://www.alzdiscovery.org/uploads/cognitive_vitality_media/N-acetylcysteine-Cognitive-Vitality-For-Researchers.pdf | |||||||||||||||||||
| NAC/TUDCA | NAC (precursor of cysteine which increases the level of glutathione in the brain); TUDCA (a hydrophilic bile acid with cell preservation and anti-oxidant properties) | Garg G, Sandeep S, Singh AK, et al. N-acetyl-l-cysteine attenuates oxidative damage and neurodegeneration in rat brain during aging. Can J Physiol Phamacol. 2018. Dec;96(12):1189-1196. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Alhasani RH, Almarhoun M, Zhou X, et al. Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Protects Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells from Oxidative Injury and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress In Vitro. Biomedicines. 2020. Sep 21;(9):367. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| NAC/TUDCA results have led to advanced studies with SPB/TUDCA by Amylyx in Alzheimer's disease and amyolateral sclerosis (ALS). See Pagaoni S, Macklin EA, Hendrix S, et al. Trial of Sodium Phenylbutyrate-Taurursodiol for Amyolateral Lateral Sclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2020 Sep 3;383(10):919-930. | Gun Show Supplements | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Neurosyn - blend of sulbutiamine form of B1, huperzine A (HUPA), Alpha GPC, Acetyl L-Carnitine, Phosphatidylserine | Mixture - Sulbutiamine form of B1, huperzine A, Alpha GPC, Acetyl L-Carnitine, Phosphatidylserine. | See each ingredient listed | Systemic | ||||||||||||||||||
| Neuroprotectin D1 | anti-inflammatory; neuroprotection | Asatryan A and NG Bazan Molecular mechanisms of signaling via the docosanoid neuroprotectin D1 for cellular homeostasis and neuroprotection. JBC. 2017. Jul 28:292 (30):12390-97. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Niacin (Vitamin B3 given as Niacinamide) | Neuroprotection | Fricker RA, Green EL, Jenkins SI, et al. The Influence of Nicotinamide on Health and Disease in the Central Nervous System. Int J Tryptophan Res. 2018. May 21;11:1178646918776658. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Oleocanthal | Anti-oxidant | Giusti L, Angeloni C, Barbalace MC, et al. A Proteomic Approach to Uncover Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Oleocanthal against Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci. 2018. Aug 8;19(8):2329. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5 given as as Calcium Pantothenate) | Vitamin B5 deficiency occurs in some adult forms of neurodegeneration. No studies done in CLN3 disease. | Xu J, Patassini S, Begley P, et al. Cerebral deficiency of vitamin B5 (d-pantothenic acid; pantothenate) as a potentially-reversible cause of neurodegeneration and dementia in sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2020. Jun 30;527(3):676-681. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Phosphatidylserine | 13-14% fatty acid composition of a healthy brain. May promote cognitive function and be neuroprotective | https://www.alzdiscovery.org/uploads/cognitive_vitality_media/Phosphatidylserine-Cognitive-Vitality-For-Researchers.pdf | |||||||||||||||||||
| Kim, H-Y, Huang BX, Spector AA. Phosphatidyserine in the Brain: Metabolism and Function. Prog Lipid Res. 2014. Oct;0:1-18. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Pomegranet Extract | Supports clearance of cellular waste | Stacchiotti A and G Corsetti. Natural Compounds and Autophagy: Allies Against Neurodegeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol, 2020; 8:555408. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Mazumder MK, Choudhury S and A Borah. An in silico investigation on the inhibitory potential of the constituents of Pomegranate Juice on antioxidant defense mechanism: Relevance to neurodegenerative diseases. IBRO Rep. 2019. Jun;6:153-159. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Porphrazyme | According to Biotics Research, Porphyra-Zyme™ supplies botanical extracts and concentrates, providing naturally occurring chlorophyllin, galactoglycerides, chlorophyll, and other phytonutrients to support the normal, healthy elimination of toxic metals. Metal accumulation has been documented in several forms of neurodegeneration. | Sharma S, Wakode S, Sharma S, et al. Effect of environmental toxicants on neuronal functions. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020. Sep 29. | Biotics | ||||||||||||||||||
| Pro-Omega | Eicosapentaenoic Acid; Docosahexaenoic Acid; Other Omega-3s | See each ingredient listed | Nordic Naturals | ||||||||||||||||||
| Pyruvate | Anti-inflammatory | Garabadu D, Agrawal N, Sharma A, et al. Mitochondrial metabolism: a common link between neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Behav Pharmacol. 2019. Dec;30(8):642-652. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Querceptin | Supports clearance of cellular waste | Stacchiotti A and G Corsetti. Natural Compounds and Autophagy: Allies Against Neurodegeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol, 2020; 8:555408. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Pohl F and PKT Lin. The potential use of plant natural products and plant extracts with antioxidant properties for the prevention/treatment of neurodegenerative diseases: in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials. Molecules. 2018. Dec 23(12):3283. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Resveratrol | Fights neurodegeneration via autophagy in vitro with minimal effects in trial which may due to poor availability in brain tissue. | https://www.alzdiscovery.org/uploads/cognitive_vitality_media/Resveratrol-Cognitive-Vitality-For-Researchers.pdf | |||||||||||||||||||
| Stacchiotti A and G Corsetti. Natural Compounds and Autophagy: Allies Against Neurodegeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol, 2020; 8:555408. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Pohl F, and PKT Lin. The potential use of plant natural products and plant extracts with antioxidant properties for the prevention/treatment of neurodegenerative diseases: in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials. Molecules. 2018. Dec 23(12):3283. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Riboflavin (Vitamin B2 given as Riboflavin 5 Phosphate) | Anti-oxidant; Anti-Inflammatory | Ajibawo-Aganbi U, Saleem S, Ali Khan SZ, et al. Can Nutritional Adequacy Help Evade Neurodegeneration in Older Age? A Review. Cureus. 2020. Oct 12;12(10). | |||||||||||||||||||
| Suwannasom N, Kao I, Georgieva R, et al. Riboflavin: The Health Benefits of a Forgotten Natural Vitamin. Int J Mol Sci. 2020. Jan 31;21(3):950. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Sage | Some evidence suggests that the herb Sage can provide acute cognitive benefits, though there are concerns over the standardization of treatment. | https://www.alzdiscovery.org/uploads/cognitive_vitality_media/Sage-Cognitive-Vitality-For-Researchers.pdf | |||||||||||||||||||
| Selenium (as L-Selenomethionine) | Anti-inflammatory | Landgraf AD, Alsegiani AS, Alaqel S, et al. Neuroprotective and Anti-inflammatory Properties of Ebselen Derivatives and Their Potential to Inhibit Neurodegeneration. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2020. Oct 7:11(9):3008-3016. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Shankhpushpi | Anti-Oxidant; Anti-Inflammatory | https://www.alzdiscovery.org/uploads/cognitive_vitality_media/Shankhpushpi-Cognitive-Vitality-for-researchers.pdf | |||||||||||||||||||
| Sugar | Leads to neuroinflammation which may accelerate disease. | Lustig RH. (2012) Pure, White and Deadly: How Sugar is Killing us and What We Can Do to Stop It. Revised from first publication in 1972. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Perlmutter, D., & Loberg, K. (2013). Grain brain: the surprising truth about wheat, carbs, and sugar--your brain's silent killers. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Sulforaphane | Anti-oxidant | Li D, Shao R, Wang Na, et al. Sulforaphane Activates a lysosome-dependent transcriptional program to mitigate oxidative stress. Autophagy. 2020. Mar 15;1-16. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Super Oxide Dismutase | Anti-oxidant | Liu Z, Zhou T, Ziegler AC, et al. Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Applications. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017;17:2525967. | Supports clearance of cellular waste | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trehalose | Supports clearance of cellular waste | Stacchiotti A and G Corsetti. Natural Compounds and Autophagy: Allies Against Neurodegeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol, 2020; 8:555408. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Vinpocetine | A few clinical trials suggest several potential benefits of vinpocetine including memory improvement and increased cerebral blood flow and metabolism. It is likely safe for short term use, but the safety of chronic use has not been tested. | https://www.alzdiscovery.org/uploads/cognitive_vitality_media/Vinpocetine-Cognitive-Vitality-For-Researchers.pdf | |||||||||||||||||||
| Vitamin A (as Ascorbic Acid) | Supports neural patterning, differentiation, and axon outgrowth | Das BC, Dasgupta S, Ray SK. Potential therapeutic roles of retinoids for prevention of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease. Neural Regen Res. 2019. Nov; 14(11):1880-1892. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Vitamin A (As Vitamin A Palmitate) | Supports neural patterning, differentiation, and axon outgrowth | Das BC, Dasgupta S, Ray SK. Potential therapeutic roles of retinoids for prevention of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease. Neural Regen Res. 2019. Nov; 14(11):1880-1892. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Vitamin B12 (as Methylcobalamin) | Supports health, trending but not proven to treat neurodegenerative disease | Ajibawo-Aganbi U, Saleem S, Ali Khan SZ, et al. Can Nutritional Adequacy Help Evade Neurodegeneration in Older Age? A Review. Cureus. 2020. Oct 12;12(10). | |||||||||||||||||||
| Vitamin C | Anti-oxidant | Kocot J, Luchowska-Kocot D, Kielczykowska M, et al. Does Vitamin C Influence Neurodegenerative Diseases and Psychiatric Disorders? Nutrients. 2017. Jul;9(7):659. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Vitamin D3 (as Cholecalciferol) | Unknown | Koduah P, Paul F, and J-M Dorr. Vitamin D in the prevention, prediction and treatment of neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases. EPMA J. 2017. Dec;8(4):313-325. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Vitamin E (as MixedTocopherols) | Supports health, trending but not proven to treat neurodegenerative disease | Ajibawo-Aganbi U, Saleem S, Ali Khan SZ, et al. Can Nutritional Adequacy Help Evade Neurodegeneration in Older Age? A Review. Cureus. 2020. Oct 12;12(10). | |||||||||||||||||||
| Vitamin K1 | Neuroprotection; Anti-Inflammatory | Alisi L, Cao R, De Angelis C, et al. The Relationships Between Vitamin K and Cognition: A Review of Current Evidence. Front Neurol. 19 March 2019. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Zeaxanthin | Anti-Oxidant | Lakey-Beitia J, Kumar J, Hegde M, et al. Carotenoids as Novel Therapeutic Molecules Against Neurodegenerative Disorders: Chemistry and Molecular Docking Analysis. Int J Mol Sci. 2019. Nov;;20(22):5553. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Zinc (as Zinc Picolinate) | Zinc homeostasis critically important for numerous brain functions | Portbury SD and PA Adlard. Zinc Signal in Brain Diseases. Int J Mol Sci. 2017. Dec; 18(12): 2506. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Zinc (s TRAACS Zinc Bisglycinate Chelate) | Zinc homeostasis critically important for numerous brain functions | Portbury SD and PA Adlard. Zinc Signal in Brain Diseases. Int J Mol Sci. 2017. Dec; 18(12): 2506. | |||||||||||||||||||